ISTerre - Institut des Sciences de la Terre

Mars, le 1er milliard d'années

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2018-09-20T13:26:55Z

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Après plus de 50 ans d'exploration, la planète Mars n'arrête pas de surprendre. Retour sur les dernières découvertes, entre écoulement d'eau liquide actuel et grand basculement de la planète. La planète Mars a basculé voici 3 à 3,5 milliards d'années. Et c'est un vaste édifice volcanique, le plus grand du système solaire, qui en est la cause. Par sa masse hors du commun, le dôme volcanique de Tharsis a entraîné la rotation de la croûte et du manteau de Mars sur son noyau. Ce changement radical renouvelle de façon profonde l'histoire primitive de Mars et les liens entre dynamique interne, activité volcanique, tectonique et évolution climatique.

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Publications

Laurent HUSSON — 2018-03-07T11:08:45Z

♣ Chauveau, D., Pedoja, K., Authemayou, C., Husson, L., de Gelder, G., Aribowo, S., Elliot, M., Jara–Muñoz, J., Pastier, A.-M., Natawidjaja, D. H., Agusta, C., Cahyarini, S.Y., 2025, Morphogenesis of the Holocene coastal landforms on Sumba Island, Indonesia, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, doi.org/10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100208.
♣ Lorcery M, Husson L, Salles T, Lavergne S, Hagen O, Skeels A, 2025, Deep time evolution of the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient : Insights from mechanistic models. PLoS One, doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332766
♣ de Gelder, G., Hedjazian, N., Husson, L., Bodin, T., Pastier, A.-M., Boucharat, Y., Pedoja, K., Solihuddin, T., and Cahyarini, S. Y., 2025, Bayesian reconstruction of sea level and hydroclimates from coastal landform inversion : application to Santa Cruz (US) and Gulf of Corinth, Earth Surf. Dynam., doi.org/10.5194/esurf-13-941-2025
♣ Wootton, L.M., Boucher, F.C., Pouchon, C. et al., 2025, The late rise of sky-island vegetation in the European Alps. Nature Plants, doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-02001-0
♣ Authemayou, Penalver, Chauveau, Pedoja, Avila, P.D., Nunez, A., Frometa, P.B., Pons Branchu, E., Progam, A., Izquierdo, M., de Gelder, G., Perrot, J., Rivada, R., Arango-Arias, E.D., Husson, L., 2025, Quaternary uplift on the southeastern coast of Cuba, Tectonophysics, doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230789.
♣ Martinod, J., Regard, V., Husson, Carretier, S., Erosion, uplift, and terraces : Modelling the evolution of the Central Andes coastal topography, Geomorphology, 2025, doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109814
♣ Susilohadi, Novico, T., Husson, L., Rahardiawan, R., Prabowo, H., Widodo, J., Sudjono, E.H., 2024, Quaternary deposition and erosion in the northeastern Sunda Strait : An interplay between sea level, tectonics, and magmatic activity, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, doi.org/10.1016/j.jaesx.2024.100179
♣ Geffroy, T., B Guillaume, M Simoes, A Replumaz, R Lacassin, L Husson, JJ Kermarrec, 2023, Role of mantle drag on the tectonics of subduction zones : Insights from laboratory models, doi.org/10.1029/2023TC008018.
♣ Salles, T., L Husson, M Lorcery, B Hadler Boggiani, 2023, Landscape dynamics and the Phanerozoic diversification of the biosphere, Nature, doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06777-z.
♣ Salles, T., Husson, L., Rey, P., Mallard, C., Zahirovic, S., Hadler Boggiani, B., Coltice, N., Arnould, M., 2023, Hundred million years of landscape dynamics from catchment to global scale, Science, 379(6635), 918-923.
♣ Roger, M., de Leeuw, A., van der Beek, P., Husson, L., Sobel, E.R., Glodny, J., Bernet, M., 2023, Construction of the Ukrainian Carpathian wedge from low-temperature thermochronology and tectono-stratigraphic analysis, Solid Earth, 14(2), 153-179.
♣ Authemayou, A Nuñez, K Pedoja, L Peñalver, D Chauveau, P Dunán‐Avila, D Martin‐Izquierdo, G de Gelder, L Husson, E Castellanos Abella, Pedro de Jesus Benitez Frometa, A-M. Pastier, Oblique collision of the Bahamas Platform at the northern boundary of the Caribbean plate recorded by the Late Cenozoic coastal terraces of SE Cuba, Tectonics, doi.org/10.1029/2023TC007806.
♣ Chauveau, Pastier, A.-M., de Gelder, G., Husson, L., Authemayou, C., Pedoja, K.? Cahyarini, S.Y., 2022, Unravelling the morphogenesis of coastal terraces at Cape Laundi (Sumba Island, Indonesia) : insights from numerical models, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, doi.org/10.1002/esp.5720.
♣ de Gelder, G., L. Husson, A.M.-Pastier, D. Fernández-Blanco, T. Pico, D. Chauveau, C. Authemayou, K. Pedoja, 2022, High interstadial sea levels over the past 420ka from Huon terraces (Papua New Guinea), Communication Earth and Environment, 3 (1), 256.
♣ Authemayou, C., K., Pedoja ; D. Chauveau ; L. Husson ; G. Brocard ; B. Delcailleau ; J. Perrot ; S. Aribowo ; S.Y. Cahyarini ; M. Elliot ; D.H. Natawidjaja ; D. Scholz, Deformation and uplift at the transition from oceanic to continental subduction, Sumba Island, Indonesia, J. Asian Earth Sciences, 236, 105316.
♣ Cao, Tian, Y., van der Beek, P., Wang, G., Shen, T., Reiners, P., Bernet, M., Husson, L., 2022, Southwestward growth of plateau surfaces in eastern Tibet, subm. to Earth Sc. Reviews, doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104160.
♣ Aribowo, S., Husson, L., Natawidjaja, D.H., Authemayou, C., Daryono, M., Puji, A.R., Valla, P.G., Pamumpuni, A., Wardhana, D.D., de Gelder, G., Djarwadi, D., Lorcery, M., 2022, Active back‐arc thrust in north west Java, Indonesia, Tectonics, e2021TC007120.
♣ Husson, L., N. Riel, S. Aribowo, C. Authemayou, G. de Gelder, B.J.P. Kaus, C. Mallard, D.H. Natawidjaja, K. Pedoja, A.-C. Sarr, 2022, Slow geodynamics produces morphotectonic extremes in the far East Tethys, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, e2021GC010167.
♣ Husson, L., Sepulchre, P., 2021, Geophysical Biogeography ; in : Biogeography : An Integrative Approach of the Evolution of Living, 81-113.
♣ Salles, T., et al., 2021, Quaternary landscape dynamics boosted species dispersal across Southeast Asia, Communication Earth and Environment, 2 (1), 240.
♣ Chauveau, D., et al., Eustatic knickpoint dynamics in an uplifting sequence of coral reef terraces, Sumba Island, Indonesia, Geomorphology 393, 107936.
♣ Peñalver et al., 2021, The Cuban staircase sequences of coral reef and marine terraces : A forgotten masterpiece of the Caribbean geodynamical puzzle, Marine Geology, 440, 106575.
♣ Chauveau, D., et al., On the generation and the degradation of emerged coral reef terrace sequences : first cosmogenic 36Cl analysis and new results from 230Th/U-dating at Cape Laundi, Sumba Island (Indonesia), Quaternary Sc. Reviews.
♣ Mathey, M., C Sue, C Pagani, S Baize, A Walpersdorf, T Bodin, L Husson, E. Hannouz, B. Potin, 2021, Present-day geodynamics of the Western Alps : new insights from earthquake mechanisms, Solid Earth, doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1661-2021.
♣ Martinod, J., Gérault, M., Husson, L., Regard, V., 2020, Control of subduction processes on the growth of successive crustal wedges and on the widening of the Andean Cordillera, Earth Sc. Reviews.
♣ de Gelder, G., Jara-Muñoz, J., Melnick, D., Fernández-Blanco D., Rouby, H., Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Armijo, R., Lacassin, R., 2020, How do sea-level curves influence modeled marine terrace sequences ? Quaternary Sc. Reviews, 229, 106132.
♣ Shen, T., Wang, G., Replumaz, A., Husson, L., Webb, A.A.G., Bernet, M., Leloup, P.H., Zhang, P., Mahéo, G., Zhang, K., Miocene subsidence and surface uplift of southernmost Tibet induced by Indian subduction dynamics, subm. to GSAB.
♣ Husson L., Boucher, F., Sarr, A-C., Sepulchre, P., Cahyarini, S.Y., 2020, Evidence of Sundaland's subsidence requires revisiting its biogeography, Journal of Biogeography, doi:10.1111/jbi.13762 .
♣ Coltice, N., Husson, L., Arnould, M., Faccenna, C., 2019, What drives tectonic plates ?, Science Advances, 5 (10), eaax4295.
♣ Hawkins, R., Husson, L., Choblet, G., Bodin, T., Pfeffer, J., Virtual tide gauges for predicting relative sea level rise, Journal of Geophysical Research, doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017943.
♣ Pastier, A-M., Husson, L., Pedoja, K. Bézos, A., Authemayou, C., Arias-Ruiz, C., Cahyarini, S.Y., Genesis and architecture of sequences of Quaternary coral reef terraces : insights from numerical models, G3, doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008239.
♣ Sarr, A-C., L. Husson, P. Sepulchre, A-M. Pastier, A.F. Holt, K. Pedoja, M. Elliot, C. Arias- Ruiz, T. Solihuddin, S. Aribowo, 2019, Subsiding Sundaland : REPLY to comment by R. Parham, Geology 47 (7), e470-e470.
♣ Hawkins, R., Bodin, T., Sambridge, M., Choblet, G., Husson, L., 2019, A software package for Trans-dimensional surface reconstruction with different classes of parameterization, Journal of Geophysical Research, doi.org/10.1029/2018GC008022.
♣ Sarr, A-C., P. Sepulchre, L. Husson, 2019, Impact of the Sunda Shelf on the Climate of the Maritime Continent, Journal of Geophysical Research, 124 (5), 2574-2588.
♣ Sarr, A-C., L. Husson, P. Sepulchre, A-M. Pastier, A.F. Holt, K. Pedoja, M. Elliot, C. Arias- Ruiz, T. Solihuddin, S. Aribowo, 2019, Subsiding Sundaland, Geology, 47 (2), 119-122.
♣ Sternai, P., Sue, C., Husson, L., Becker, T., Serpelloni, E., Petit, C., Faccenna, C., Castelltort, S., Jolivet, L., Walpersdorf, A., Nocquet, J-M., Willett, S., Spada, G., Di Giulio, G., Valla, P., 2019, Present-day uplift of the European Alps : mechanisms and relative contributions, Earth Science Reviews, doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005.
♣ Husson, L., Bodin, T., Spada, G., Choblet, G., Kreemer, C., 2018, Bayesian surface reconstruction of geodetic uplift rates : mapping the global fingerprint of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment, Journal of Geodynamics, doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2018.10.002.
♣ Cazenave, A., and WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group, 2018, Global sea-level budget 1993–present, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1551-1590, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1551-2018.
♣ Pitard, P., Replumaz, A., Funiciello, F., Husson, L., accenna, C., 2018, Mantle kinematics driving collisional subduction : Insights from analogue modeling, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.08.050.
♣ Husson, L., A-M. Pastier, K. Pedoja, M. Elliot, D. Paillard, C. Authemayou, A-C. Sarr, A. Schmitt, and S. Y. Cahyarini, 2018, Reef carbonate productivity during Quaternary sea-level oscillations, G3, doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007335.
♣ Pedoja, K, Husson, L Bezos, A Pastier, A.M., Imran, A-M., Ariaz-Ruiz, C., Sarr, A- C., Elliot, M., Pons Branchu, E., Regard, V., Nexer, M., Dumoulin, J-P., Hafidz, A., Robert, X., Benoit, L., Delcailleau, B., Authemayou, C., Dumoulin, C., Choblet, G., 2018, On the long-lasting sequences of coral reef terraces from SE Sulawesi (Indonesia) : distribution, formation, and global significance, Quaternary Science Reviews, 188, 37-57, doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.03.033.
♣ Pedoja, K, Jara-Muoz, J, de Gelder, G, Robertson, J, Meschis, M, Fernndez-Blanco, D, Nexer, M, Poprawski, Y, Dugu, O, Delcaillau, B, Bessin, P, Benabdellouahed, M, Authemayou, C, Husson, L, Regard, V, Menier, D, Pinel, B., 2017, Neogene - Qua- ternary slow coastal uplift of Western Europe through the perspective of sequences of strandlines from the Cotentin Peninsula (Normandy, France). Geomorphology. 303. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.11.021.
♣ Authemayou, C., G Brocard, B Delcaillau, S Molliex, K Pedoja, L Husson, 2018, Unraveling the roles of asymmetric uplift, normal faulting and groundwater flow to drainage rearrangement in an emerging karstic landscape, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, doi.org/10.1002/esp.4363.
♣ Webb, A.G., Guo, H., Clift, P., Husson, L., Mueller, T., Cosantino, D., Yin, A., Xu, Z., Cao, H., Wang, Q.,The Himalaya in 3D : slab dynamics controlled mountain building and monsoon intensification, Lithosphere, doi.org/10.1130/L636.1.
♣ Arias-Ruiz, C. Elliot, M., Bezos, A., Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Cahyarini, SY., La, C., Pons-Branchu, E., 2017, Geochemical fingerprints of climate variation and the extreme La Nina 2010-11 as recorded in a Tridacna squamosa shell from Sulawesi, Indonesia, C, Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 487, 216-228
♣ Saillard, M., Audin, L., Rousset, B., Avouac, J-P., Chlieh, M., Hall, S.R., Husson, L., Farber, D.L., 2017, From the seismic cycle to long-term deformation : linking seismic coupling and Quaternary coastal geomorphology along the Andean Megathrust : Interseismic coupling/coastal morphology, Tectonics, 36 (2), 241-256.
♣ Choblet, G., Amit, H., Husson, L., 2016, Constraining mantle convection models with palaeomagnetic reversals record and numerical dynamos, Geophysical Journal Interna- tional, doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw328.
♣ Guillaume, B., Pochat, S., Monteux, J., Husson, L., Choblet, G., 2016, Can eu- static charts go beyond first order ? Insights from the Permian-Triassic, Lithosphere, doi:10.1130/L523.1.
♣ Flament, N., Gurnis, M., Mueller, D., Bower, D.J., Husson, L., 2016, Influence of subduction history on South American topography, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.006.
♣ Husson, L., Yamato, P., B ́ezos, A., Ultraslow, slow, or fast spreading ridges : an inter- play between plate tectonics and mantle convection, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 429, 205-215.
♣ Choblet, G., Husson, L., Bodin, T., 2014, Probabilistic surface reconstruction of rel- ative sea-level rise during the twentieth century, Journal of Geoph. Res., doi : 10.1002/- 2014JB011639.
♣ G ́erault, M., Husson, L., Miller, M.S., Humphreys, E.D., 2015, Flat ?slab subduc- tion, topography, and mantle dynamics in southwestern Mexico, Tectonics, doi:10.1002/- 2015TC003908.
♣ Husson, L., Bernet, M., Guillot, S., Huyghe, P., Mugnier, J-L., Replumaz, A., Robert, X., Van der Beek, P., 2014, Dynamics ups and downs of the Himalaya, Geology, doi : 10.1130/G36049.1.
♣ Pedoja, K., Husson, L., M.E. Johnson, D. Melnick, C. Witt, S. Pochat, M. Nexer, B. Delcaillau, T. Pinegina, Y. Poprawski, C. Authemayou, M. Elliot, V. Regard, F. Garestier, 2014, Staircase construction of Quaternary and Upper Cenozoic sequences of strandlines caused by sea level oscillations and tectonic uplift, Earth Sciences Reviews, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.01.007.
♣ Nexer, M., Authemayou, C., Schildgen, T., Hantoro, W.S., Molliex, S., Delcaillau, B., Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Regard, V., submitted. Evaluation of morphometric parameters for coastal uplift using drainages developed on sequences of coral reef terraces : A case study from Sumba Island (Indonesia), subm. to Geomorphology.
♣ Henry, H., Regard, V., Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Martinod, J., Witt, C., 2014, Uplifted shorelines as tracers of (local rather than global) subduction dynamics, Journal of Geody- namics, doi:10.1016/j.jog.2014.04.001.
♣ Yamato, P., Husson, L., Becker, T., Pedoja, K., Passive margins getting squeezed in the mantle convection vice, Tectonics, doi:10.1002/2013TC003375..
♣ Pedoja, K., Husson, L., M.E. Johnson, D. Melnick, C. Witt, S. Pochat, M. Nexer, B. Delcaillau, T. Pinegina, Y. Poprawski, C. Authemayou, M. Elliot, V. Regard, and F. Garestier, Staircase construction of Quaternary and Upper Cenozoic sequences of stran- dlines caused by sea level oscillations and tectonic uplift, Earth Sciences Reviews.
♣ Blanco-Chao et al., South and Central America, in Kennedy, D.A., Stephenson, W.J., and Naylor, L.A. (eds), Rock Coast Geomorphology : A Global Synthesis. Geological So- ciety of London, London.
♣ Bellahsen, N., Husson, L., Autin, J., Leroy, S., d'Acremont, E., The effect of thermal weakening and buoyancy forces on rift localization : Field evidences from the Gulf of Aden oblique rifting, Tectonophysics.
♣ Autin, J., Bellahsen, N., Husson, L., Leroy, S., Beslier, M.O., d'Acremont, E., Analogue models of oblique rifting : the role of structural inheritance, Tectonophysics.
♣ Guillaume, B., Husson, L., Funiciello, F., Faccenna, C., The dynamics of laterally vari- able subductions : laboratory models applied to the Hellenides, Solid Earth.
♣ Faccenna, C., Becker, T.W., Conrad, C.P., Husson, L., 2013, Deep mantle origin of mountains, Tectonics, 32, 115, doi:10.1029/2012TC003176.
♣ Husson, L., Dynamics of plate boundaries over a convective mantle, 2012, PEPI, 212, 32-43, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2012.09.006.
♣ Husson, L., Conrad, C.P., 2012, On the location of hotspots in the framework of mantle convection, GRL,doi:10.1029/2012GL052866.
♣ Combes, M., Grign, C., Husson, L., Conrad, C.P., Le Yaouanq, S., Parenthoen, M., Tisseau, C., and Tisseau., J., 2012, Multiagent simulation of evolutive plate tectonics ap- plied to the thermal evolution of the Earth, Geochem., Geophys., Geosys., doi:10.1029/- 2011GC004014.
♣ G ́erault, M., Becker, T. W., Kaus, B. J. K., Faccenna, L., Moresi, L. N., Husson, L., 2012 The role of slabs and oceanic plate geometry for the net rotation of the lithosphere, trench motions, and slab return flow, Geochem., Geophys., Geosys. , doi:10.1029/2011GC00393,
♣ Husson, L., Conrad, C.P., Faccenna, C., 2012, Plate motions, Andean orogeny, and volcanism above the South Atlantic convection cell, Earth Planet Sci. Lett., doi:10.1016/- j.epsl.2011.11.040.
♣ Ostanciaux, E., Husson, L., Choblet, G., Robin, G., Pedoja, K., 2012, Present-day trends of vertical ground motion along the coast lines, Earth Science Reviews., doi:10.1016/- j.earscirev.2011.10.004.
♣ Husson, L., Guillaume, B., Funiciello, F., Faccenna, C., Royden, L.H., 2012, Unravelling topography around subduction zones from laboratory models, Tectonophysics, Geomod special issue, in press.
♣ Pedoja, K., Husson, L., Regard, V., Cobbold, P.R., Ostanciaux, E., Johnson, M.E., Kershaw, S., Saillard, M., Martinod, J., Furgerot, L., Weill, P., Delcaillau, B., 2011, Rel- ative sea-level fall since the last interglacial stage : are coasts uplifting worldwide ?, Earth Science Reviews., doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.05.002.
♣ Iaffaldano, G., Husson, L., Bunge, H-P., Monsoon speeds up Indian plate motion, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 2011, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.02.026.
♣ Martinod, J., Husson, L., Roperch, P., Guillaume, B., Espurt, N., Horizontal subduc- tion zones, convergence velocity and the building of the Andes, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.09.010.
♣ Pedoja, K., Regard, V., Husson, L., Martinod, J., Guillaume, B., Fucks, E., Iglesias, M., Weill, P., 2010 : Uplift of Quaternary shorelines in eastern Patagonia : Darwin revisited, Geomorphology, doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.08.003.
♣ Autin, J., Bellahsen, N., Husson, L., Beslier, M-O., Leroy, S., d'Acremont, E., 2010 : Analogue models of oblique rifting in a cold lithosphere, Tectonics, 291, doi:10.1029/- 2010TC002671.
♣ Loiselet, C., Braun, J., Husson, L., Le Carlier de Veslud, C., Thieulot, C., Yamato, P., Grujic, D., 2010 : Subducting slabs : jellyfishes in the Earths mantle, Geochemistry Geophysical Geosystems, doi:10.1029/2010GC003172.
♣ Husson, L., Brun, J.P., Yamato, P., Faccenna, C., Episodic slab rollback fosters ex- humation of HP-UHP rocks, Geophysical Journal International, doi : 10.1111/j.1365— 246X.2009.04372.x.
♣ Loiselet, C., Husson, L., Braun, J., 2009 : From longitudinal slab curvature to slab rhe- ology, Geology, 37, 747-750, doi : 10.1130/G30052A.1.
♣ Yamato, P., Husson, L., Braun, J., Loiselet, C., Thieulot, C., 2009 : Influence of surrounding plates on 3D subduction dynamics, Geoph. Res. Lett., 36, doi:10.1029/- 2008GL036942.
♣ Conrad, C.P., Husson, L., 2009 : Influence of dynamic topography on sea level and its rate of change, Lithosphere, 1, 110-120, doi:10.1130/L32.1.
♣ Guillaume, B., Martinod, J., Husson, L., Roddaz, M., Riquelme, R., 2009 : Neogene up- lift of central-eastern Patagonia : dynamic response to active spreading-ridge subduction ?, Tectonics, 28, doi:10.1029/2008TC002324.
♣ Husson, L., Conrad, C.P., Faccenna, C., 2008 : Tethyan Closure, Andean Orogeny, and Westward Drift of the Pacific Basin, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 271, 303-310, doi:10.1016/- j.epsl.2008.04.022.
♣ Royden, L., Husson, L. 2009 : Subduction with variations in slab buoyancy : Models and application to the Banda and Apennine systems, in : Funiciello, F. & Lallemand, S. (ed), Subduction Zone Geodynamics, Frontiers in Earth Sciences, Springer.
♣ Husson, L., Henry, P., Le Pichon, X., 2008 : Thermal regime of the NW shelf of the Gulf of Mexico. 1) Thermal and pressure fields , B.S.G.F., 179, 129-137.
♣ Husson, L., Le Pichon, X., Henry, P., Flott ́e, N., Rangin, C., 2008 : Thermal regime of the NW shelf of the Gulf of Mexico. 2) Heat Flow, B.S.G.F., 179, 138-146.
♣ Rangin, C. Le Pichon, X., Flott ́e, N., and Husson, L., 2008 : Cenozoic gravity tecton- ics in the northern Gulf of Mexico induced by crustal extension. A new interpretation of multichannel seismic data, B.S.G.F., 117-128.
♣ Flott ́e, N., Rangin, C., Martinez-Reyes, J., Le Pichon, X., Husson, L., and Tardy, M., 2008 : The Rio Bravo Fault, a major late Eocene-Oligocene left-lateral shear zone, B.S.G.F., 147-160.
♣ Husson, L., Conrad, C.P., 2006 : Tectonic velocities, dynamic topography, and relative sea level, GRL, doi:10.1029/2006GL026834.
♣ Husson, L., 2006 : Dynamic topography above retreating subduction zones, Geology, doi:10.1130/G22436.1.
♣ Royden, L., Husson, L., 2006 : Trench motion, slab geometry and viscous stresses in subduction systems, Geoph. J. Int., doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03079.x.
♣ Ricard, Y., Husson, L., 2005. Propagation of tectonic waves, GRL, doi:10.1029- /2005GL023690.
♣ Husson, L., Ricard, Y., 2004. Stress balance above subduction zones, application to the Andes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 222, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.041.
♣ Husson, L., Mugnier, J-L., Leturmy, P., Vidal, G., 2004. Kinematics and sedimentary balance of the Subhimalayan Zone, western Nepal, in McClay (ed.), Thrust Tectonics and hydrocarbon systems, AAPG Memoir, 82, p. 115-130.
♣ Husson, L., Sempere, Th., 2003. Altiplano uplift from gravity driven lower crustal flow, Geoph. Res. Lett., 30, doi:10.1029/2002GL016877.
♣ Husson, L., Mugnier, J-L., 2003. Three-dimensional reconstruction from surface data, restoration, and kinematics of the Baisahi passive-roof duplex, W. Nepal, J. Struc. Geol., 25, 79-90.
♣ Husson, L., Moretti, I., 2002. Thermal regime of fold and thrustbelts. An application to the Bolivian Sub Andean Zone, Tectonophysics, 345, 253-280.
♣ Mugnier J-L., Mascle G., Leturmy P., Huygue P., Husson, L., Chalaron E., 1998. The Siwalik of Western Nepal : I) Geometry and Kinematics, J. Asian Earth Sci. 17, 629-642.

Les perturbations de gravité annonciatrices de l'arrivée des ondes sismiques

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2018-01-11T08:14:32Z

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Après un séisme, les signaux de déformation les plus précoces ne sont théoriquement pas portés par les ondes P, mais par les perturbations quasi-instantanées du champ de gravité. L'observation de ces faibles signaux, associée à leurs compréhension et modélisation complètes, fourniraient un nouveau type de données avec un fort potentiel pour la détermination rapide de la magnitude des forts séismes. Nous montrons ici que ces perturbations associées à la gravité sont particulièrement bien observées par des sismomètres large-bande localisés à des distances de 1000-2000km du séisme de Tohoku (11/03/2011, magnitude 9.1). Ces signaux précoces sont également précisément modélisés en prenant en compte que la masse du sismomètre est sensible à deux effets : (1) les perturbations directes du champ gravitationnel, essentiellement causées par les compressions/dilatations du milieu par les ondes élastiques "classiques" et (2) les mouvements du sol eux-mêmes induits par les perturbations de gravité dans la Terre. Ce dernier effet peut être vu comme une relaxation élastique de la Terre en réaction aux perturbations de gravité. Les modélisations de ce champ élasto-gravitaire montrent que les amplitudes pré-P observées dans les minutes suivant le séisme de Tohoku (qui atteignent 1.6nm/s^2) sont un indicateur direct d'un séisme majeur.

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Biological implications of sulfide in intermittent estuaries

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2018-01-11T08:13:38Z

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Intermittent estuaries are coastal environments characterized by the partial closure of the estuary's mouth with a sandbar barrier, which separates the estuary from the ocean for extended periods. In recent decades, fish mortalities have been observed in intermittent estuaries around the world, usually associated with the transition from closed to open state. This transition often leads to extensive physical and chemical changes in the estuarine conditions, as water mixing and sediment resuspension are increased, which could result in the oxidation of sediment acid-volatile sulfides (AVS). The oxidative effects of sediment AVS, specifically oxygen depletion, acidification, and metal release, are believed to aggravate water conditions for fish but remain poorly understood. I will present a combination of laboratory experiments and field-scale observations to investigate spatial and temporal variation in sulfur geochemical cycling in the Pescadero Estuary (CA), where fish kills have been observed almost annually for the past two decades. We showed that sulfide was involved in worsening water quality for fish, both directly, as aqueous hydrogen sulfide concentrations were significantly higher than the recommended thresholds for aquatic life, and indirectly, through the oxidation of sediment AVS, which chemically deplete, contaminate, and acidify the water column.

Thrilling advances in the understanding of the up-dip limit of subduction zones and the associated risks of tsunami and earthquakes through scientific drilling (SEMINAIRE ECORD)

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2018-01-11T08:12:40Z

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Tremor and Slow Slip at the ice-bed interface of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2017-08-22T14:16:25Z

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The Whillans Ice Plain region of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet experiences twice-daily, tidally-modulated slow slip events. During each event, 0.5 m of slip occurs over a 150x150 km area. Sliding initiates at one of several recurring locations and expands outwards with a typical rupture velocity 200 m/s. Slow slip events are accompanied by seismic tremor due to small (meter-scale) repeating earthquakes. Understanding the mechanical processes that gives rise to these curious phenomena has implications for both sea level rise hazard and for our knowledge of faulting processes more generally. We explore these observations using a simplified model that includes the effects of inertia, elasticity, tidal forcing, and rate- and state-dependent frictional sliding. We find that, at the km-scale, slow rupture velocities are explained by basal conditions that are near the steady sliding limit. Such conditions arise in our simulations due to the presence of high pore pressures such that the subglacial effective normal stress is 10 kPa where the ice overburden pressure is 7.2 MPa. Many other Antarctic ice streams experience tidally modulated flow but not sticks-slip, and our model is able to capture this behavior as well. The transition between steady sliding and stick-slip motion —a central hallmark of classical rate-and-state theory— thus explains a wide range of fast sliding behavior within the Antarctic Ice Sheet.

800 millions d'années de variations climatiques et 200 ans d'efforts pour les comprendre

Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2017-06-30T15:25:18Z

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Depuis les travaux de Charles Lyell dans les années 1830, la communauté scientifique tente de comprendre pourquoi le climat de la Terre fluctue à l'échelle des temps géologiques. Au cours des années 1980, le rythme de publications de théories pouvant expliquer ces changements s'est considérablement accéléré. Dans le cadre de ce séminaire, nous passerons en revue les principales théories proposées (volcanisme, paléogéographie, présence ou absence de grandes chaînes de montagnes, cycle organique du carbone, …). Nous tenterons de débusquer leurs forces et leurs faiblesses, et nous aborderons quelques pistes nouvelles potentiellement capables de modifier notre vision du fonctionnement de la surface de la Terre à l'échelle géologique.

Les radionucléides cosmogéniques : des outils de datation pertinents pour l'étude des premiers peuplements

Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2017-06-30T15:24:37Z

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Produits dans l'environnement terrestre lors de réactions nucléaires entre les particules énergétiques issues du rayonnement cosmique et les atomes constitutifs de cet environnement, les radionucléides cosmogéniques à vie longue tels que le Béryllium-10 (10Be, T1/2 1,4 Ma), l'Aluminium-26 (26Al, T1/2 0,7 Ma) et le Chlore-36 (36Cl, T1/2 0,3 Ma) permettent, en utilisant la fraction produite dans l'atmosphère, d'étudier la variations de l'intensité des paramètres qui en contrôlent la production (activité solaire et champ géomagnétique) et de dater sur des gammes temporelles couvrant les 10 derniers millions d'années les dépôts sédimentaires marins et continentaux dans lesquels ils s'accumulent avant de décroître. La fraction produite dans la croûte terrestre (production in situ), précisément mesurable depuis seulement une vingtaine d'années, permet de quantifier les processus de dénudation fonctionnels à la surface terrestre et de dater différents types d'archives sédimentaires sur la gamme temporelle 0,1-5 Ma. Afin de réaliser ces quantifications, une méthode spécifique capable de séparer le radionucléide cosmogénique d'intérêt de ses interférents massiques au moins plusieurs millions de fois plus abondant a dû être développée. Basée sur la caractérisation du nombre de masse (N) et du numéro atomique (Z), la technique de Spectrométrie de Masse par Accélérateur (SMA) appliquée aux géosciences a permis non seulement de reconstituer notamment les variations d'intensité du champ magnétique terrestre au cours des derniers millions d'années, mais aussi de dater des couches fossilifères contenant des restes d'hominidés et d'établir la chronologie de processus ayant impacté leur implantation.

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Water and Carbon Cycles in Terrestrial Ecosystems : Probing Molecular Connections

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2017-06-30T15:23:34Z

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Progress of Strong Motion Prediction Research in Japan Since 1995 Kobe Earthquake

Anaïs SCHNEIDER, Jérôme WEISS, Laurent HUSSON, Mathilde RADIGUET — 2017-06-30T15:23:01Z

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It is important to predict quantitatively strong ground motions from the potentially dangerous earthquakes in the vicinity of the target sites for earthquake disaster mitigation. Before the Kobe earthquake of 1995 (M6.9) we did not have any concrete perception on the characteristics of near-fault ground motions from inland, shallow crustal earthquakes, although we had sufficient data from subduction zone earthquakes along the Pacific Plate in the northeastern side of Japan. This was because western Japan had been enjoying the quiescence era after the two large subduction zone earthquakes along the Nankai Trough in 1944 and 1946. The devastating damages to a lot of modern reinforced-concrete buildings and bridges were created during the Kobe earthquake, and so it was our urgent task to reveal the real cause of such heavy structural damage. After a couple of years of intensive studies it turns out that not only complex source effects but also complex site effects play a very important role to generate high amplitudes of velocity pulses, which should be the only cause of the observed devastating damage. Based on the reproduced strong motions, we successfully reproduced building damage to prove that. Since then we have been trying to build a common scheme (Recipe) for quantitative prediction of strong ground motions in the near field of dangerous inland earthquakes. One effort is focused on the description of the detailed yet complex nature of the fault process. The other effort is focused on the delineation of the detailed yet complex nature of the underground structure that would amplify strong motions. In this seminar I would like to present one of our recent achievements in each of these two main subjects. As a final note strong motions from subduction zone earthquakes were proved to be not an immediate threat during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake where we have very small numbers of collapsed buildings. This is because we would not have a coherent velocity pulse from the subduction zone earthquakes away from the site.

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